Ember Polaris vs Marko: A Comprehensive Comparison

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In the world of frontend development, Ember Polaris and Marko represent two different philosophies for building web applications. While Ember Polaris brings modern features to the Ember ecosystem with Glimmer components and strict-mode JavaScript, Marko offers a unique templating syntax with powerful features like streaming rendering and async components. Let’s explore their differences and use cases.

Table of Contents

  1. Core Concepts
  2. Reactivity and State Management
  3. Templating and Components
  4. DOM Manipulation
  5. Event Handling
  6. Component Composition
  7. Form Handling
  8. Lifecycle Management
  9. Performance and Bundle Size
  10. Learning Curve
  11. Conclusion

Core Concepts

Ember Polaris and Marko take fundamentally different approaches to building web applications:

  • Ember Polaris uses a modern, class-based component model with Glimmer templates and strict-mode JavaScript
  • Marko uses a unique templating syntax with powerful features like streaming rendering and async components

Reactivity and State Management

State Declaration

Both frameworks offer different ways to declare and manage state:

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// name.gjs
import Component from "@glimmer/component";

export default class NameComponent extends Component {
  name = "John";

  <template>
    <h1>Hello {{this.name}}</h1>
  </template>
}

Ember Polaris uses class-based components with template syntax.

Marko’s Approach

// Name.marko
<let/name = "John"/>
<h1>Hello ${name}</h1>

Marko uses a concise template-based state declaration with the let tag.

State Updates

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// name.gjs
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";

export default class CounterComponent extends Component {
  @tracked name = "John";

  constructor(owner, args) {
    super(owner, args);
    this.name = "Jane";
  }

  <template>
    <h1>Hello {{this.name}}</h1>
  </template>
}

Marko’s Approach

// Name.marko
<let/name = "John"/>
<effect() { name = "Jane" }/>
<h1>Hello ${name}</h1>

Computed Properties

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// double-count.gjs
import Component, { tracked } from "@glimmer/component";

export default class DoubleCount extends Component {
  @tracked count = 10;

  get doubleCount() {
    return this.count * 2;
  }

  <template>
    <div>{{this.doubleCount}}</div>
  </template>
}

Marko’s Approach

// DoubleCount.marko
<let/count = 10/>
<const/doubleCount = count * 2/>
<div>${doubleCount}</div>

DOM Manipulation

List Rendering

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// colors.gjs
const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];

<template>
  <ul>
    {{#each colors as |color|}}
      <li>{{color}}</li>
    {{/each}}
  </ul>
</template>

Marko’s Approach

// Colors.marko
<ul>
  <for|color| of=["red", "green", "blue"]>
    <li>${color}</li>
  </for>
</ul>

Event Handling

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// counter.gjs
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
import { on } from "@ember/modifier";

export default class Counter extends Component {
  @tracked count = 0;

  incrementCount = () => this.count++;

  <template>
    <p>Counter: {{this.count}}</p>
    <button {{on "click" this.incrementCount}}>+1</button>
  </template>
}

Marko’s Approach

// Counter.marko
<let/count = 0/>
<p>Counter: ${count}</p>
<button onClick() { count++ }>+1</button>

Form Handling

Text Input

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// input-hello.gjs
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
import { on } from '@ember/modifier';

export default class InputHello extends Component {
  @tracked text = "Hello World";

  handleInput = (event) => (this.text = event.target.value);

  <template>
    <p>{{this.text}}</p>
    <input value={{this.text}} {{on "input" this.handleInput}} />
  </template>
}

Marko’s Approach

// InputHello.marko
<let/text = "Hello world"/>
<p>${text}</p>
<input value:=text/>

Lifecycle Management

Component Mounting

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// page-title.gjs
const pageTitle = () => document.title;

<template>
  <p>Page title is: {{(pageTitle)}}</p>
</template>

Marko’s Approach

// PageTitle.marko
<let/pageTitle = ""/>
<effect() { pageTitle = document.title }/>
<p>Page title: ${pageTitle}</p>

Component Cleanup

Ember Polaris’s Approach

// time.gjs
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
import { registerDestructor } from "@ember/destroyable";

export default class Time extends Component {
  @tracked time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();

  constructor(owner, args) {
    super(owner, args);

    let timer = setInterval(() => {
      this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
    }, 1000);

    registerDestructor(this, () => clearInterval(timer));
  }

  <template>
    <p>Current time: {{this.time}}</p>
  </template>
}

Marko’s Approach

// Time.marko
<let/time = new Date()/>
<lifecycle
  onMount() { this.timer = setInterval(_ => time = new Date(), 1000) }
  onDestroy() { clearInterval(this.timer) }
/>
<p>Current time: ${time.toLocaleTimeString()}</p>

Performance and Bundle Size

Ember Polaris

  • Modern build pipeline
  • Glimmer VM for efficient rendering
  • Tree shaking support
  • Optimized for large applications

Marko

  • Streaming rendering support
  • Async components
  • Server-side rendering optimized
  • Efficient template compilation
  • Small runtime footprint

Learning Curve

Ember Polaris

  • Steeper learning curve
  • Class-based components
  • Strong conventions
  • Rich ecosystem to learn
  • Modern JavaScript features

Marko

  • Moderate learning curve
  • Unique template syntax
  • Built-in streaming support
  • Build tools required
  • Rich component features

Conclusion

Choose Ember Polaris if you:

  • Need a full-featured enterprise framework
  • Value strong conventions
  • Want modern class-based components
  • Are building large-scale applications
  • Need robust tooling support
  • Plan to scale your application significantly

Choose Marko if you:

  • Need streaming rendering support
  • Want powerful templating features
  • Value server-side rendering
  • Are building large applications
  • Need async component support
  • Want efficient template compilation

Both frameworks excel in different scenarios:

  • Ember Polaris shines in building large-scale applications that benefit from strong conventions and modern features
  • Marko excels in building high-performance applications that benefit from streaming rendering and async components

The choice between Ember Polaris and Marko often depends on your project’s requirements:

  • Use Ember Polaris for building complex enterprise applications that benefit from strong conventions
  • Use Marko for building modern applications that need streaming rendering and powerful templating features





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